Japanese name: オオアリドオシ（大蟻通） Scientific name:Damnacanthus indicus var. major
[Overview]
An evergreen shrub 50–100 cm tall, growing in slightly dark forests in warm regions.
The roots do not thicken like strings of beads.
The lateral branches spread sideways, forking in two.
Young branches are densely covered with short, curved bristles, and the hairs remain on branches in their second and third years.
The nodes have sharp thorns 0.2–1 cm long, extending perpendicular to the leaves, and the thorn is no more than half the length of the leaf.
The leaves are simple and opposite, with large and small leaves alternating; they are broadly ovate, 1–5 cm long and 0.6–2 cm wide, with a sharply pointed tip.
The leaves are leathery with entire margins.
The leaf stalk is about 0.1 cm long.
The flowers are usually borne two at a time at the branch tips or in the leaf axils.
The flowers are white and funnel-shaped, about 1 cm long, and the corolla tip is 4-lobed.
The fruit is a spherical berry, ripening red, with the pointed calyx lobes remaining at the tip like horns.
